13 Mashchiyl's

 There are 13 Psalms which have the word mashkiyl מסכיל H4905 which is a Hiphil

The Hiphil stem (causative verb stem) is generally used to express causative action in active voice in Hebrew. In many cases the noun derived from the same root is the object or result of the hiphil verb associated with that root. For example, the Hiphil verb הִמְטִיר 'hamatir' means “to cause to rain down”; the noun מָטָר 'matar' means “rain”.

Hence, if maskiyl מסכיל  is a Hiphil, let’s first see the root word. H7919 סכיל sakal which means understand/skill/teach/instruct.

Hence the hiphil verb stem for 'sakal' means ‘causing an understanding.’

Hiphil usually expresses the "causative" action of Qal.

The Qal stem is the verb stem formation that is the simplest of form in Biblical Hebrew. The Qal stem is generally used to express either simple action or stative action. All the other stem formations are derived from the Qal form. It is by far the most common form of a verb.

An example of Qal in Hebrew is ‘he ate’ and the hiphil stem would be ‘he caused to eat’. 

Another example would 'he killed' and the hiphil stem would be 'he caused to kill'

Hiphil is often used to form verbs from nouns and adjectives.

Example : the Hiphil stem of ear would be ‘give ear to’

Another example ‘far’ would be ‘to remove oneself/far away’ in the Hiphil stem.

Hence, the causative verb sakal translated as understand/skilled/teach/ in maskiyl מסכיל is ‘cause to understand’ 

So when it says ‘A Psalm of David Maskiyl’ for example in Psalms 32, it's causative to hear and understand what David in the Ruach is going to say.

Psalms 42 says To the chief Musician, Maschil, for the sons of Korah and Psalms 44 says Psa 44:1 To the chief Musician for the sons of Korah, Maschil. 

The sons of Korah are writing a song 🎵 to themselves and what are they writing? They are writing what they heard from their fathers. 

Psalms 44:1 says We have heard with our ears, Our fathers have related to us, The work You did in their days, In the days of old. 

We know the rebellion of Korah, how he wanted to be in the priestly lineage of Aharon and this was the cause of rebellion.

2 reasons for Korah's rebellion:

1. Moses makes Qohath's youngest grandson as leader of the fathers’ house of the clans of the Qohathites

Exo 6:18 And the sons of Qohath: Amram, and Yitshar, and Ḥeḇron, and Uzzi’ěl. And the years of the life of Qohath were one hundred and thirty-three. 

Amram’s 2 sons Moses and Aharon received the prophetic priesthood.

Exo 6:20 And Amram took for himself Yoḵeḇeḏ, his father’s sister, as wife. And she bore him Aharon and Mosheh. And the years of the life of Amram were one hundred and thirty-seven. 

The next son of Qohath was Yitshar whose son was Korah.

Exo 6:21 And the sons of Yitshar: Korah, and Nepheḡ, and Ziḵri. 

But Moses made Elitsaphan, son of Uzzi’ěl who was youngest son of Qohath as leader of the the fathers’ house of the clans of the Qohatithes instead of Korah next in line as son of Yitshar. (Exo 6:18)

Num 3:30 And the leader of the fathers’ house of the clans of the Qohathites was Elitsaphan, son of Uzzi’ěl. 

We all know he and the entire company were taken alive into the heart of the earth as the earth split up to swallow them. 

2. Korah disdained the task of carrying the burdens of the items of the Tabernacle:

Lewi had 3 sons Gershom, Qohath and Merrai

Gen46:11 The sons of Lewi: Gershom, Qohath, and Merari.

Ex6:17 The sons of Gershon: Libni and Shimei, according to their families. 

Exo 6:18  And the sons of Qohath: Amram, and Yitshar, and Ḥeḇron, and Uzzi’ěl. And the years of the life of Qohath were one hundred and thirty-three.

Exo 6:19 And the sons of Merari; Mahali and Mushi: these are the families of Levi according to their generations.

Num 7:6 So Mosheh took the carts and the oxen and gave them to the Lewiim. 

Num 7:7 Two carts and four oxen he gave to the sons of Gershon, according to their service,

Num 7:8 and four carts and eight oxen he gave to the sons of Merari, according to their service, under the direction of Ithamar the son of Aharon the priest.

Num 7:9 But he did not give any to the sons of Qohath because the service of the set apart objects belonged to them, which they carried on the shoulder.

The Gershonites were responsible for the care of the tabernacle and tent, its coverings, the curtain at the entrance to the tent of meeting, the curtains of the courtyard, the curtain at the entrance to the courtyard surrounding the tabernacle and altar, and the ropes—and everything related to their use and remember we read, they were given carts to carry these.

Num 3:25  And the duty of the children of Gěrshon in the Tent of Appointment was the Dwelling Place, and the tent with its covering, and the covering of the door of the Tent of Appointment, 

Num 3:26  and the screens of the courtyard and the covering of the door of the courtyard, which is around the Dwelling Place and the slaughter-place, and their cords, according to all its service.

 The Merarites were appointed to take care of the frames of the tabernacle, its crossbars, posts, bases, all its equipment, and everything related to their use, as well as the posts of the surrounding courtyard with their bases, tent pegs, and ropes. Again, we read, they were given carts to carry these.

Num 3:36  And the appointed duty of the children of Merari was the boards of the Dwelling Place, and its bars, and its columns, and its sockets, and its utensils, and all its service, 

Num 3:37  and the columns of the courtyard all around, with their sockets, and their pegs, and their cords. 

The Qohathites (sons Korhites from Yitshar & Hebron (whose sons are not mentioned): who alone were remainder of the sons of Qohath as Gershon and Merari's sons tasks we already saw.) were responsible for the care of the sanctuary.

Num 3:27  And from Qohath came the clan of the Amramites, and the clan of the Yitsharites, and the clan of the Ḥeḇronites, and the clan of the Uzzi’ělites. These were the clans of the Qehathites. 

 They were responsible for the care of the ark, the table, the lamp stand, the altars, the articles of the sanctuary used in ministering, the curtain, and everything related to their use. They were under the direct supervision of Eleazar, son of Aaron.

Num 3:30  And the leader of the fathers’ house of the clans of the Qohathites was Elitsaphan, son of Uzzi’ěl. 

Num 3:31  And their duty was the ark, and the table, and the lampstand, and the slaughter-places, and the utensils of the set-apart place used in the service, and the covering, and all its service. 

Num 3:32  And El‛azar, son of Aharon the priest, was to be chief over the leaders of the Lěwites, with oversight of those who guard the duty of the set-apart place. 

Unlike the Gershonites and the Merarites, who were allowed to transport the items under their care on carts, the Qohathites (Korhites) had to carry their items, the holy things of the tabernacle, on their shoulders. They had the arduous burden of transporting these items from place to place as the camp moved, but they were not allowed to actually touch the items or they would die. The priests had to wrap the sacred objects in special coverings before they were transported (Numbers 4:15) Many of the Kohathites began to disdain this task and to covet the role of the priests.

Num 4:15 And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the sanctuary, and all the vessels of the sanctuary, as the camp is to set forward; after that, the sons of Qohath shall come to bear it: but they shall not touch any set apart thing, lest they die. These things are the burden of the sons of Qohath in the tabernacle of the congregation.

Korah didn’t trust Yahuah as Yahuah had his seed in mind to be part of the singers when the ark would come to the rest which we see explicitly mentioned in scripture as the calling and election of Alahym is irreversible. 

2Ch 20:19 And the Lěwites, of the children of the Qohathites and of the children of the Korhites stood up to praise יהוה Elohim of Yisra’ěl with exceedingly loud voice. 

Out of his sons, some of them would be gatekeepers 

1Ch 26:1   For the divisions of the gatekeepers: Of the Korhites, Meshelemyahu son of Kore, of the sons of Asaph. 

Gatekeepers were authorized to allow or disallow entry into the temple.

Korah didn’t see what was in store for his seed and wanted to occupy the custodian Levitical priesthood to the Malchitsedeq priesthood without a causative understanding and that’s exactly what Maschiyl מסכיל is. 

Mysteriously his sons saw Yahuah's mercy and were not killed and from his descendants the sons say they heard from “our fathers” i.e.. The fathers of belief and not Korah who by unbelief couldn’t see what was in store for him and his seed.

Num 16:33 So they (Korah & the company) and all those with them went down alive into She’ol, and the earth closed over them, and they perished from the midst of the assembly. 

Num 26:10  and the earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up together with Koraḥ when that company died, when the fire consumed two hundred and fifty men. And they became a sign, 

Num 26:11  but the sons of Korah did not die. 

The 13 Maschiyl's מסכיל: The Maschiyl's are translated in English as 'A contemplation'

A contemplation is an act of considering with attention

Out of the 13 מסכיל Maschiyl's , 3 are of the sons of Korah (Psalms 42, 44 & 45) & the 4th one they sang the Maschiyl of Heman the Ezrahite (Psalms 88).

6 are sung by David, 2 by Asaph & 1 by Ethan the Ezrahite.

A contemplation is basically a blessing of coming to a state of Yahuah's promises when glad or in despair.

Psalms 32: 

David begins by saying the state of the righteous in Yahuah's eyes and then acknowledges his sin to attain the state of being in the blessedness of forgiveness.

Ps32:1 Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is covered!

Psa 32:2  Blessed is the man to whom יהוה imputes no crookedness, And in whose spirit there is no deceit.  

Ps32:3 When I kept silent, my bones wasted away through my groaning all the day.

Ps32:4 For day and night Your hand was heavy upon me; my moisture was turned into the drought of summer. Selah. 

Ps32:5 I acknowledged my sin to You, and my iniquity I did not hide; I said, I shall confess my transgressions to Yahuah; and You forgave the guilt of my sin. Selah. 

Psalms 42:

Psa 42:1  As a deer longs for the water streams, So my being longs for You, O Elohim. 

Psa 42:2  My being thirsts for Elohim, for the living Ěl. When shall I enter in to appear before Elohim? 

Psa 42:3  My tears have been my food day and night, While they say to me all day, “Where is your Elohim?” 

Psa 42:4  These I remember, and pour out my being within me. For I used to pass along with the throng; I went with them to the House of Elohim, With the voice of joy and praise, A multitude celebrating a festival! 

The sons of Korah say they are longing for the living waters as a deer pants for the waters & likens to going along with the brothers into the house of Alahym with joy & praise, along with a multitude celebrating a festival. We don't know what distress situation they were in but they were but they were definitely contemplating a blessing of coming to a former state when in despair.

Psalms 44:

The sons of Korah are singing what they heard from the fathers of belief  the work Yahuah did in their days & their despair was "You have rejected us and put us to shame, And You do not go with our armies"

Psa 44:1  O Elohim, we have heard with our ears, Our fathers have related to us, The work You did in their days, In the days of old. 

Psa 44:2  You drove out the nations with Your hand, But them You planted. You afflicted peoples, and sent them out. 

Psa 44:3  For not by their own sword did they possess the land, Neither did their own arm save them; But it was Your right hand and Your arm, And the light of Your face, Because You delighted in them. 

Psa 44:9  Yet You have rejected us and put us to shame, And You do not go with our armies. 

Psa 44:10  You make us turn back from the adversary, And those who hate us have plundered us. 

Psa 44:11  You do give us as sheep to be eaten, And You have scattered us among the nations. 

Psalms 45:

The sons of Korah are singing a Messianic Psalm attributing the blessedness of being in Mashiyach. This Psalm is quoted in Hebrews 1.

Psa 45:6  Your throne, O Elohim, is forever and ever; The scepter of Your reign Is a scepter of straightness. 

Psa 45:7  You have loved righteousness and hated wrongness; Therefore Elohim, Your Elohim, has anointed You With the oil of gladness more than Your companions. Footnote: Quoted in Heb_1:8-9 

Psalms 52:

Psa 52:1  To the chief Musician, Maschil, A Psalm of David, when Doeg the Edomite came and told Saul, and said unto him, David is come to the house of Ahimelech.

Why boastest thou thyself in mischief, O mighty man? the goodness of Elohim endures continually. 

David was in a state of fleeing from king Shaul and was in despair as Doeg the Edomite told king Shaul that David is gone to the house of Alahym (where he ate the shew bread). David in the Ruach says the good of Alahym endures continually (it doesn't stop for those who trust in Him). He likens himself a green olive tree (representing Yasharal) in the house of Alahym and have trusted in the love of Alahym. In despair he remembered the state of the elect in Yahuah.

Psa 52:8  But I am like a green olive tree In the House of Elohim, I have trusted in the loving-commitment of Elohim Forever and ever. 

Psa 52:9  I thank You forever, Because You have done it; And in the presence of Your lovingly-committed ones I wait on Your Name, for it is good. 

Psalms 53:

Psa 53:1  To the chief Musician upon Mahalath, Maschil, A Psalm of David. 

The fool hath said in his heart, There is no Elohim. Corrupt are they, and have done abominable iniquity: there is none that doeth good. 

Psa 53:6  O that the deliverance of Yisra’ěl Would be given out of Tsiyon! When Elohim turns back the captivity of His people, Let Ya‛aqoḇ rejoice, let Yisra’ěl be glad. 

David in this Maschiyl is speaking the condition of the depravity of man's heart and grieves but comforts himself in the Ruach on the turning back of the captivity of His people from the depraved condition.

Psalms 54:

Psa 54:1  To the chief Musician on Neginoth, Maschil, A Psalm of David, when the Ziphims came and said to Saul, Doth not David hide himself with us? Save me, O Elohim, by thy name, and judge me by thy strength. 

Psa 54:4  See, Elohim is my helper; יהוה is with those who sustain my life. 

Psa 54:5  He repays evil to my enemies. Cut them off in Your truth. 

Psa 54:6  Voluntarily I slaughter to You; I praise Your Name, O יהוה, for it is good. 

Psa 54:7  For He has delivered me out of all distress; And my eye has looked upon my enemies. 

David is fleeing from Shaul and those who give him place to hide themselves tell Shaul that David is hiding with them. David in his despair is comforted by the Ruach that Alahym is his helper and Yahuah is with those who sustain his life. He believed in sustaining of his life even when faced with death like situation.

Psalms 55:

Psa 55:1  To the chief Musician on Neginoth, Maschil, A Psalm of David. Give ear to my prayer, O Elohim; and hide not thyself from my supplication. 

Psa 55:2  Attend unto me, and hear me: I mourn in my complaint, and make a noise; 

Psa 55:3  Because of the noise of the enemy, Because of the outcry of the wrong; For they bring down wickedness upon me, And in wrath they hate me. 

Psa 55:4  My heart is pained within me, And the frights of death have fallen upon me. 

Psa 55:5  Fear and trembling have come upon me, And shuddering covers me. 

Psa 55:6  And I said, “Who would give me wings like a dove! I would fly away and be at rest.

Psa 55:22  Cast your burden on יהוה, And let Him sustain you; He never allows the righteous to be shaken. 

David in his despair cries to Yahuah in a death like situation faced by him & is comforted by the Ruach that Yahuah will never allow the righteous to be shaken.

Pslams 74:

Psa 74:1  Maschil of Asaph. O Elohim, why hast thou cast us off for ever? why doth thine anger smoke against the sheep of thy pasture? 

Psa 74:2  Remember thy congregation, which thou hast purchased of old; the rod of thine inheritance, which thou hast redeemed; this mount Zion, wherein thou hast dwelt.  

Psa 74:3  Lift up Your steps to the endless ruins; The enemy has done all evil in the set-apart place. 

Psa 74:4  Your adversaries have roared In the midst of Your appointments; They have set up their own signs as signs. 

Psa 74:12  For Elohim is my Sovereign from of old, Working deliverance in the midst of the earth. 

Psa 74:13  You divided the sea by Your might; You broke the heads of the sea serpents in the waters. 

Psa 74:14  You broke the heads of Liwiathan in pieces, You made him food for the people Living in the wilderness. 

Psa 74:15  You did cleave open the fountain and the flood, You did dry up mighty rivers. 

Psa 74:16  The day is Yours, the night is Yours too, You have established the light and the sun. 

Asaph in despair is crying out to Alahym why has he cast off His people and why is He angry with them. The adversaries came into his muaedim/appointed times and have set up their signs as signs. Is it not the same situation today? He comforts himself in the deliverance of Alahym remembering His works of old which He did for His people.

Pslams 78:

Psa 78:1  Maschil of Asaph. Give ear, O my people, to my law: incline your ears to the words of my mouth. 

Psa 78:2  I will open my mouth in a parable: I will utter dark sayings of old: 

Psa 78:3  Which we have heard and known, and our fathers have told us.

Asaph is drawing attention of the people through his Maschiyl of what the fathers of faith have narrated to them in teaching the Torah to their children so that the generation to come may place their trust in Alahym and not forget his works and be like the fathers who were rebellious.

Psa 78:5  For He raised a witness in Ya‛aqoḇ, And set a Torah in Yisra’ěl, Which He commanded our fathers, To teach them to their children; 

Psa 78:6  That it might be known to a generation to come, To children who would be born, To rise up and relate them to their children, 

Psa 78:7  And place their trust in Elohim, And not forget the works of Ěl, But watch over His commands, 

Psa 78:8  And not be like their fathers, A stubborn and rebellious generation, A generation which did not prepare its heart, Whose spirit was not steadfast to Ěl. 

Psalms 88:

Psa 88:1  A Song or Psalm of the sons of Korah, to the chief Musician upon Machalath Leannoth, Maschil of Heman the Ezrahite. O Yahuah Elohim of my salvation, I have cried day and night before thee: 

Psa 88:2  Let my prayer come before thee: incline thine ear unto my cry; 

Psa 88:3  For my soul is full of troubles: and my life draweth nigh unto the grave. 

Psa 88:4  I am counted with them that go down into the pit: I am as a man that hath no strength: 

Psalms 88 is a contemplation of Heman the grandson of prophet Samuel. His song is sung by the sons of Korah.

1Ch 6:31  And these are the men whom Dawiḏ appointed over the service of song in the House of יהוה, after the ark came to rest. 

1Ch 6:32  And they were rendering service in song before the dwelling place of the Tent of Appointment, until Shelomoh had built the House of יהוה in Yerushalayim, and they performed their duties according to their ruling. 

1Ch 6:33  And these are the ones who stood with their sons: Of the sons of the Qohathites were Hěman the singer, son of Yo’ěl, son of Shemu’ěl, 

1Ch 25:5  All these were the sons of Hěman the sovereign’s (David's) seer in the words of Elohim, to exalt his horn. For Elohim gave Hěman fourteen sons and three daughters. 

1Ch 25:6  All these were at the hands of their father for song in the House of יהוה, with cymbals, harps and lyres, for the service of the House of Elohim: Asaph, Yeḏuthun, and Hěman, at the hands of the sovereign. 

Heman was one of the chief musician also David's seer and called as Heman the singer, appointed to exalt the horn of Alahym. The chief musician was a custodian of the repository of the Psalms to re-purpose it to be sung in situations, feast days, Sabbaths & other worship days. The sons of Korah are singing the song of Heman as a re-purpose in a time of distress which Heman himself went through when he was in the sufferings along with David, when David was fleeing his enemies.

Machalath מַחֲלַת H4257 Leannoth לענות H6031:

Machalath מַחֲלַת H4257 comes from the root word 'chal חֲלַ' which means hole/pain,  'chalah חלה' H2470 which means weak/sick/grieved/afflicted, 'machalah מחלה H4245 ' which means sickness/disease.

Leannoth H6031: Has the root word Anah ענה H6031 which means 'affliction'

Hence, La Anuth means : led to affliction

Anuth has the root words 'anah' which means afflict and 'muth' which means death

Led to the affliction of the death of Mashiyach.

Hence, this maschiyl is identifying with the death of Messiah in the distress of being in sufferings of Sheol. Whatever Heman went through as sufferings, cannot be greater than the sufferings of Yahusha. Prophetically Messiah is concealed in the suffering.

Psalms 89:

Psa 89:1  Maschil of Eythan the Ezrahite. I will sing of the mercies of Yahuah for ever: with my mouth will I make known thy faithfulness to all generations. 

This Psalm is written by Yaduthun and here he is named Eythan in Psalms 89:1

1Ch 15:17  And the Lĕwites appointed Hĕman son of Yo’ĕl, and of his brothers, Asaph son of Bereḵyahu; and of their brothers, the sons of Merari, Ěythan (Yaduthun) son of Qushayahu; 

1Ch 6:44  And their brothers, the sons of Merari, on the left hand, were Ěythan son of Qishi, son of Aḇdi, son of Malluḵ, 

1Ch 25:3  Of Yeḏuthun, the sons of Yeḏuthun: Geḏalyahu, and Tseri, and Yeshayahu, Ḥashaḇyahu, and Mattithyahu, six, under the hands of their father Yeḏuthun, who prophesied with a lyre to give thanks and to praise יהוה.

In 1 Chr 25:3 only 5 sons of Yaduthun have been listed i.e. GedalYahu, Tseri, YashaYahu, HashabYahu and MattithYahu and it says six, under the hands of their father Yeduthun but ObedEdom is missing in this text. But when we compare scriptures with scriptures we see scriptures in 1 Chr 16:38 & 42 showing us that the sons of Yeduthun were gatekeepers and ObedEdom was a gatekeeper.

1Ch 16:37  So he left Asaph and his brothers there before the ark of the covenant of יהוה to perform regular service before the ark, as each day required; 

1Ch 16:38  also, Oḇĕḏ-Eḏom with his sixty-eight brothers, including Oḇĕḏ-Eḏom son of Yeḏuthun, and Ḥosah, to be gatekeepers; 

Yeduthun was a seer & one of the chief musician appointed by David: Psalms 39, 62 & 77 mention him as the chief musician.

2Ch 35:15  And the singers, the sons of Asaph, were in their places, according to the command of Dawiḏ, and Asaph, and Hĕman, and Yeḏuthun the seer of the sovereign. And the gatekeepers at each gate did not have to leave their position, because their brothers the Lĕwites prepared for them.

The Psalm speaks of the promise made to David, to establish his seed forever. The Davidic covenant sees it fulfillment as Yahusha who sits on the throne as Lion of Yahudah forever.

Psa 89:3  You said, “I have made a covenant with My chosen, I have sworn to My servant Dawiḏ: 

Psa 89:4  I establish your seed forever, And shall build up your throne to all generations.’ ” Selah. 

Psa 89:27  “I also appoint him first-born, Highest of the sovereigns of the earth. 

Psa 89:28  “I guard My loving-commitment for him forever, And My covenant is steadfast with him.

Psalms 142:

Psa 142:1  Maschil of David; A Prayer when he was in the cave. I cried unto the Yahuah with my voice; with my voice unto Yahuah did I make my supplication. 

Psa 142:2  I pour out my complaint before Him; I declare before Him my distress. 

The Maschiyl of David was a cry of distress when he was hiding from king Shaul in the cave, placing his trust in Yahuah as his refuge.

Psa 142:5  I cried out to You, O יהוה: I said, “You are my refuge, My portion in the land of the living.

Psa 142:6  “Listen to my cry, For I am brought very low; Deliver me from my persecutors, For they are too strong for me. 

Psa 142:7  “Bring my being out of prison, To give thanks to Your Name. Let the righteous gather around me, Because You deal kindly with me.”

Number 13: 13 Maschiyl's. People consider number 13 as an omen/evil number but 13 in scripture shows a blessing of a promise.

Examples:

Gen 15:1  After these events the word of יהוה came to Aḇram in a vision, saying, “Do not be afraid, Aḇram. I am your shield, your reward is exceedingly great.” 

Gen 15:2  And Aḇram said, “Master יהוה, what would You give me, seeing I go childless, and the heir of my house is Eli‛ezer of Dammeseq?” 

Gen 15:3  And Aḇram said, “See, You have given me no seed, and see, one born in my house is my heir!” 

Gen 15:4  And see, the word of יהוה came to him, saying, “This one is not your heir, but he who comes from your own body is your heir.” 

Gen 15:5  And He brought him outside and said, “Look now toward the heavens, and count the stars if you are able to count them.” And He said to him, “So are your seed.” 

Gen 15:6  And he believed in יהוה, and He reckoned it to him for righteousness. 

Yahuah made a promise to Abraham that Eliezer of Dammeseq is not his heir but the one that would come from his own body would be his heir. Sarah tried to generate the promise by asking Abraham to take Hagar as his wife and Yishmael was born who was not the heir as he was the son of the bondservant.

Gen 16:1  And Sarai, Aḇram’s wife, had borne him no child. And she had a Mitsrian female servant whose name was Haḡar. 

Gen 16:2  And Sarai said to Aḇram, “See, יהוה has kept me from bearing children. Please, go in to my female servant. It might be that I am built up by her.” And Aḇram listened to the voice of Sarai. 

Gen 16:15  And Haḡar bore Aḇram a son, and Aḇram called the name of his son, whom Haḡar bore, Yishma‛ěl. 

Gen 16:16  And Aḇram was eighty-six years old when Haḡar bore Yishma‛ěl to Aḇram. 

Abraham was 86 years old when Yishmael was born. 

Gen 17:25  And Yishma‛ěl his son was thirteen years old when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. 

Gen 17:26  Aḇraham and his son Yishma‛ěl were circumcised that same day. 

13 years later (86 + 13 = 99) Yahuah revisited him when he was 99 years old and gave him the sign of righteousness in the flesh i.e. circumcision and the same year Sarah conceived. Yishmael was 13 years old of whom it was said that Yahuah will also make a great nation from him.

The destruction of Yericho is stamped with the number 13, for the city was marched around for six straight days, and on the seventh day, it was marched seven times, making thirteen total.

12 or 13 tribes:

Ezekiel 48 records 13 tribes: 1. Dan (Eze 48:1) 2. Asher (Eze 48:2) 3. Naphtali (Eze 48:3) 4. Menashsheh (Eze 48:4) 5. Ephrayim (Eze 48:5) 6. Reuben (Eze 48:6) 7. Yahudah (Eze 48:7) 8. Levites (Eze 48:10-11,22) 9. Binyamin (Eze 48:23) 10. Shimon (Eze 48:24) 11. Yisakkar (Eze 48:25) 12. Zebulun (Eze 48:26) & 13. Gad (Eze 48:27).

We see in Ezekiel Yoseph's both sons Ephraym and Menashsheh are listed as he was promised a portion more than his brothers. In Rev 7 which we will see a little later his name Yoseph and Menashsheh is listed which is one and the same as Yahuah maintains his promise of lot of a double portion.

We see twelve and thirteen tribes both as being correct, because OT included Dan with his other 11 brothers and in Rev 7: 4- 8 Dan is excluded because this branch was broken off.

Gen 49:16  “Dan rules his people as one of the tribes of Yisra’ĕl.
 Gen 49:17  “Dan is a serpent by the way, an adder by the path, that bites the horse’s heels so that its rider falls backward.

Gen 49:18  “I have waited for your deliverance, O יהוה! 

Dan's blessing was not a blessing actually but a prophecy of him being cut off because he would cause the fall of many in Yasharal.

12 or 13 apostles of the Lamb?

Gal 1:1  Sha’ul, an emissary – not from men, nor by a man, but by יהושע Messiah and Elohim the Father who raised Him from the dead

Eph 1:1  Sha’ul, an emissary of יהושע Messiah by the desire of Elohim, to the set-apart ones who are in Ephesos, and true to Messiah יהושע:

Shaul emissary/apostle not by men or man but by Yahusha Messiah and by the desire of Alahym.

Wasn't Paul indicating what was concealed in the 11/12/13 tribes comparing to Yahuah's choosing of the apostles?

Rev 21:14  And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them were the names of the twelve emissaries of the Lamb.

Yahudah/Judas Iscariot who betrayed died leaving the count to 11, lots were cast and MattitYahu was chosen to be the twevelth.

Acts 1:26 And they drew lots for them, and the lot fell to MattithYahu; and he was added to the eleven apostles.

Hence, we see the Maschiyl at work here as Dan was dropped and double portion was given to Yoseph. We see the same among the choosing of apostles. MattithYahu was chosen by other apostles by casting lots making the count as 12 but Yahusha had his chosen, one born out of due time i.e. Shaul.

Gal 2:7  But on the contrary, when they saw that the Good News to the uncircumcised had been entrusted to me, even as Kĕpha to the circumcised –
Gal 2:8  for He who worked in Kĕpha to make him an emissary to the circumcised also worked in me for the guym/lost sheep of the house of Yasharal.
Gal 2:9  So when Yaʽaqoḇ, Kĕpha, and Yoḥanan, who seemed to be supports, came to know the favour that had been given to me, they gave me and Barnaḇah the right hand of fellowship, in order that we go to the guym and they to the circumcised, 

Haman intends to kill the Yahudim and what he purposes comes back to him.

Est 3:7  In the first new moon, which is the new moon of Nisan, in the twelfth year of Sovereign Aḥashwěrosh, someone cast Pur – that is, the lot – before Haman from day to day, and from new moon to new moon, until it fell on the twelfth month, which is the new moon of Aḏar. 

Est 3:8  Haman then told Sovereign Aḥashwěrosh, “There is a certain people scattered and dispersed among the people in all the provinces of your reign, whose laws are different from all people, and they do not do the sovereign’s laws. Therefore it is not in the sovereign’s interest to let them remain. 

Est 3:9  “If it pleases the sovereign, let a decree be written to destroy them, and let me pay ten thousand talents of silver into the hands of those who do the work, to bring it into the sovereign’s treasuries.” 

Est 3:10  And the sovereign took his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman, son of Hammeḏatha the Aḡaḡite, the enemy of the Yehuḏim. 

Est 3:11  And the sovereign said to Haman, “The silver and the people are given to you, to do with them as seems good to you.” 

Est 3:12  And the sovereign’s scribes were called on the thirteenth day of the first new moon, and a decree was written according to all that Haman commanded – to the viceroys of the sovereign, and to the governors who were over each province, and to the officials of all people, to every province according to its writing, and to every people in their language. It was written in the name of Sovereign Aḥashwěrosh, and sealed with the sovereign’s signet ring. 

Est 3:13  And the letters were sent by the runners into all the sovereign’s provinces, to cut off, to kill, and to destroy all the Yehuḏim, both young and old, little children and women, in one day, on the thirteenth day of the twelfth new moon, which is the new moon of Aḏar, and to plunder their possessions. 

The intervention of Queen Esther caused the punishment to be reversed on Haman instead of Mordecai.

Est 7:9  And Ḥarḇonah, one of the eunuchs, said to the sovereign, “Also, see the wooden structure, fifty cubits high, which Haman made for Mordeḵai, who spoke good on behalf of the sovereign, is standing at the house of Haman.” And the sovereign said, “Impale him on it!” 

Est 7:10  And they hanged Haman on the wooden structure that he had prepared for Mordeḵai, and the sovereign’s wrath abated. 

Speaking of the depravity and carnality of man, Shaul shows the condition that there is none that understands. Remember, mashciyl is a Hiphil verb stem and is a 'causative understanding'. Which means unless Alahym doesn't open the hearing, what is spoken of will never be understood.

Rom3:10 as it is written, There is none righteous, not even one!

Rom3:11 There is none that understands/ מסכיל mashciyl , nor that seeks after Elohim; 

Rom3:12 They all have turned aside together, they have become worthless. There is none who does good, there is not even one. 

The cries of despair when facing Sheol like situation all rolls up to Yahusha Ha Mashiyach as there is no suffering under the sun that man has borne or can bear match up with the suffering of Mashiyach as He is the only one who overcame Sheol and is alive forever more and holds the keys of Sheol and of death. 

1Co 10:13  No trial has overtaken you except such as is common to man, and Elohim is trustworthy, who shall not allow you to be tried beyond what you are able, but with the trial shall also make the way of escape, enabling you to bear it. 

Speaking of the edification to the set-apart ones in the assembly Shaul says he chooses to speak 5 words in his understanding in order to instruct others rather than 10,000 words in a language. Number 5 speaks of Torah and of the 10 words, 5 words were related to the neighbour and summed as 'Love your neighbour as yourself'

1Cor14:19 Indeed, in the assembly I choose to speak five words in my Understanding/sakal סכל in order to instruct others also to speak ten thousands of words in a tongue.

Bringing a 'causative understanding' to the mystery of Mashiyach concealed in scriptures is displaying the royal commandment of "Love your neighbour as yourself". The ten commandments are termed as ten words and 5 words are related to & transitioned to loving Yahusha more than father, mother, brother, sister etc. and the other 5 words are related to & transitioned to loving your neighbour as yourself.

Ex 34:28 So he was there with Yahuah forty days and forty nights; he did not eat bread nor drink water. And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten/asereth עסרת words/dabarym דברים

Hence, what Shaul spoke is related to the five commands or five words out of the ten words relating to the revelation of Yahusha (first 5 commands) in the second 5 words i.e. Love your neighbour as yourself, he rather in the assembly speak of the five words with understanding to edification rather than speak in ten thousand words in an unknown language. He brings an order of if any such thing happens, there has to be one who interprets. Hence, he breaks it to 5 words as its of the first 5 to the second 5 summed as 2 royal laws.

You may read the entire study here: 

https://dsouzashodan72.blogspot.com/2023/12/the-five-words.html

Finally, out of the 13 Mashchiyl's 12 are cries of despair whereas Psalms 45 is of joy of identifying Yahusha Ha Mashiyach and is quoted in Hebrews 1.