2 Chr 9:29 And the rest of the acts of Shelomoh, first and last, are they not written in the book of Nathan the prophet, and in the prophecy of Aḥiyah the Shilonite, and in the visions of Iddo the seer concerning Yaroḇʽam son of Neḇat?
The man of Aluahym in 1 Kings 13 who was met by a lion and was killed was Iddo the seer who prophesied about Yeroboams altar. While his name is not mentioned in 1 Kings 13 we see in 2 Chr 9:29 that it was he who prophesied concerning Yaroboam son of Nebat. His prophecy was so precise he even told that king YoshiYahu was the one who would burn men's bones on Yeroboams altar and defile it.
1 Kings 13:1 And see, a man of Elohim went from Yehuḏah to Bĕyth Ěl by the word of יהוה, while Yaroḇʽam was standing by the slaughter-place to burn incense.
2 And he cried out against the slaughter-place by the word of יהוה, and said, “O slaughter-place, slaughter-place! Thus said יהוה, ‘See, a son is to be born to the house of Dawiḏ, Yoshiyahu is his name. And on you he shall slaughter the priests of the high places who burn incense on you, and men’s bones be burned on you.’ ”
3 And he gave a sign the same day, saying, “This is the sign which יהוה has spoken: See, the slaughter-place is split apart, and the ashes on it is poured out.”
4 And it came to be when Sovereign Yaroḇʽam heard the saying of the man of Elohim, who cried out against the slaughter-place in Bĕyth Ěl, that he stretched out his hand from the slaughter-place, saying, “Seize him!” Then his hand, which he stretched out toward him, dried up, so that he was unable to bring it back to him.
5 And the slaughter-place was split apart, and the ashes poured out from the slaughter-place, according to the sign which the man of Elohim had given by the word of יהוה.
6 And the sovereign answered and said to the man of Elohim, “Please appease the face of יהוה your Elohim, and pray for me, that my hand might be restored to me.” And the man of Elohim appeased the face of יהוה, and the sovereign’s hand was restored to him, and became as it was before.
Now in the times of the rule of YoshiYahu what he prophesied came true
2 Kings 23:16 Then Yoshiyahu turned, and saw the burial-sites that were there on the mountain. And he sent and took the bones out of the burial-sites and burned them on the slaughter-place, and defiled it according to the word of יהוה which the man of Elohim proclaimed, who proclaimed these words.
17 And he said, “What tombstone is this that I see?” And the men of the city said to him, “It is the burial-site of the man of Elohim who came from Yehuḏah and proclaimed these matters which you have done against the slaughter-place of Bĕyth Ěl.”
18 And he said, “Let him alone, let no one move his bones.” So they left his bones alone, with the bones of the prophet who came from Shomeron.
1 Kings 13:1 says the man of Aluahym came from Yahudah. Iddo was the seer in Yahudah in the days of Solomon and Rehoboam. Remember in the days of Rehoboam Yasharal was divided and only house of Yahudah clung to Rehoboam while the house of Yasharal clung to Yeroboam.
2 Chr 12:15 And the acts of Reḥaḇʽam, the first and the last, are they not written in the book of Shemayah the prophet, and of Iddo the seer concerning genealogies? And there was fighting between Reḥaḇʽam and Yaroḇʽam all the days.
His scroll in which he mentioned of what he prophesied against Yeroboam and all acts of Shelemoh and Rehoboam is missing as it may have been destroyed. Yahuah is in control of his dabar as everything we need to know and look at is in his dabar.
He even wrote about all acts of AbiYah son of Rehoboam
2 Chr 13:22 And the rest of the acts of Aḇiyah, and his ways, and his words are written in the commentary of the prophet Iddo.
Now lets look at how Zackaryah introduces himself
Zec 1:1 In the eighth month of the second year of Dareyawesh, the word of יהוה came to Zeḵaryah son of Bereḵyah, son of Iddo the prophet, saying,
In the woes to the Scribes and Pharisees ,Yahusha condemns them for killing the prophets and says he will send send prophets, wise men and scribes and some of them they shall kill and impale and some of them they would scourge in their assemblies and persecute them from city to city so that on them should come all the righteous blood shed on the earth from blood of the righteous Hebel to the blood of ZacharYah, son of BarakYah who was murdered between the dwelling place and the altar. Whilst we know who Hebel is we need to identify who this ZacharYah son of BarakYah is because some say he was the father of Yahuchanan the Immerser/Baptist and some say he was the minor prophet ZacharYah because he identifies himself as son of BarakYah, som of Iddo the prophet.
Mat 23:35 so that on you should come all the righteous blood shed on the earth, from the blood of righteous Heḇel to the blood of Zeḵaryah, son of Bereḵyah, whom you murdered between the Dwelling Place and the altar.
Mat 23:36 “Truly, I say to you, all this shall come upon this generation.
What is noteworthy is in the Abary Canon of the OT, Genesis is the first scroll and 2 Chronicles is the last scroll, Yahusha refers to murder of Hebel in the book of beginnings and the murder of ZacharYah in the book which ends i.e. 2 Chronicles. Many mistake the Zecharyah to be the minor prophet as he identifies himself as son of Barakyah, son of Iddo the prophet but what they fail to see is that this ZackarYah is of the Second Temple era and the ZacharYah who was murdered in the courtyard of the house of Yahuah was during the first temple era. Moreover the dispute is that the one murdered and mentioned in 2 Chronicles 24:20-22 was murdered in the courtyard of the house of Yahuah whereas Yahusha says the Zacharyah son of Barakyah was murdered between the Dwelling place and the altar where only the priests could go. So it's important to identify who this Zacharyah was.
Let's view ZackarYah the son of Yehoyada/Yahuyada the priest who was murdered in the Dwelling place
2Ch 24:17 And after the death of Yehoyaḏa the rulers of Yehuḏah came and bowed themselves to the sovereign. And the sovereign listened to them,
2Ch 24:18 and they forsook the House of יהוה Elohim of their fathers, and served the Ashĕrim and the idols. And wrath came upon Yehuḏah and Yerushalayim because of their trespass.
2Ch 24:19 And He sent prophets to them, to bring them back to יהוה. And they witnessed against them, but they did not listen.
2 Chr 24:20 Then the Spirit of Elohim came upon Zeḵaryah son of Yehoyaḏa/Yahuyada the priest, who stood above the people, and said to them, “Thus said Elohim, ‘Why are you transgressing the commands of יהוה, and do not prosper? Because you have forsaken יהוה, He has forsaken you.’ ”
21 And they conspired against him, and at the command of the sovereign they stoned him with stones in the courtyard/chatsar of the House of יהוה.
22 Thus Yo’ash the sovereign did not remember the loving-commitment which Yehoyaḏa his father had done to him, and killed his son. And as he died, he said, “יהוה does see, and repay!”
It doesn't tell us which court he was murdered in, whether the outer courtyard or the inner courtyard where the priests serve. ZacharYah was the son of Yehoyada/Yahuyada the high priest so it's obvious that he was a high priest as 2 Chronicles 24:20 says ...he stood above the people
2Ch 24:11 Now it came to pass, that at what time the chest was brought unto the king's office by the hand of the Levites, and when they saw that there was much money, the king's scribe and the high priest's officer came and emptied the chest, and took it, and carried it to his place again. Thus they did day by day, and gathered money in abundance.
2Ch 24:12 And the king and Yehoyada gave it to such as did the work of the service of the house of Yahuah, and hired masons and carpenters to repair the house of Yahuah, and also such as wrought iron and brass to mend the house of Yahuah.
Who was Yahuyada?
2Ch 22:11 But Yehoshaḇʽath, the daughter of the sovereign, took Yo’ash son of Aḥazyahu, and stole him away from among the sovereign’s sons who were slain, and put him and his nurse in a bedroom. So Yehoshaḇʽath, the daughter of Sovereign Yehoram, the wife of Yehoyaḏa the priest, because she was the sister of Aḥazyahu, hid him from Athalyahu so that she could not put him to death.
Yahuyada was the brother in law of Ahazyahu and son in law of king Yehoram as he married Yehoshabath. Ahazyahu died a year after assuming the throne, which was then usurped by his mother Athaliah, who ordered the execution of all members of the royal family. Yehoshabath and Yahuyada rescued from Athaliah's slaughter, Athaliah's one-year-old grandson, Joash. For six years, they hid the sole surviving heir to the throne within the Temple. Yahuyada was instrumental in the staging of the coup that dethroned and killed Athaliah. Under Yahuyada's guidance, Baal-worship was renounced and the altar and temple of Baal were destroyed.
Yahuyada is also noteworthy for the national covenant that he made "between him, and between all the people, and between the king, that they should be Yahuah's people" (2 Chronicles 23:16). Yahuyada lived 130 years and was buried very honorably among the kings in the city of Daud. Yahuyada's son, Zecharyah, was later martyred by King Yoash, the very king who made a covenant to be the people of Yahuah.
2Ch 23:16 Yehoyaḏa then made a covenant – between himself and the people and the sovereign – to be the people of יהוה.
2Ch 23:17 And all the people went to the house of Baʽal, and broke it down. They completely broke up its altars and images, and slew Mattan the priest of Baʽal before the altars.
2Ch 23:18 And Yehoyaḏa put the offices of the House of יהוה into the hand of the priests, the Lĕwites, whom Dawiḏ had assigned in the House of יהוה, to offer the burnt offerings of יהוה, as it is written in the Torah of Mosheh, with rejoicing and with singing, by the hands of Dawiḏ.
2Ch 23:19 And he set the gatekeepers at the gates of the House of יהוה, so that no one who was in any way unclean should enter.
2Ch 23:20 And he took the commanders of hundreds, and the nobles, and the governors of the people, and all the people of the land, and brought the sovereign down from the House of יהוה. And they went through the Upper Gate to the sovereign’s house, and set the sovereign on the throne of the reign.
Who else can put offices of the house of Yahuah into the hand of the priests but the chief/high priest?
ZackarYah was the son of Yahuyada the high priest but doesn't Yahusha say ''ZackarYah son of BarakYah''? We must see this closely with evidence from scripture as Yahusha identifies the lineage and not the immediate son of BarakYah.
Who was BarakYah/BarakYahu?
BarakYah was the gatekeeper of the ark of the Covenant and the father of Asaph the recorder
1 Chr 6:39 And his brother Asaph, who stood at his right hand, was Asaph son of Bereḵyahu, son of Shimʽa,
1Ch 15:23 and Bereḵyah and Elqanah were doorkeepers for the ark;
There is another problem, there are many by the name BarakYah/BarakYahu so it's important to identify the right BarakYah and hence we must see the headships of the sons of Levi who stood in the king's court as advisors to the kings. Let's begin with king Daud as Asaph was the son of BarakYah and Daud handed over the Psalms into the hand of Asaph whom he appointed as the recorder.
1Ch 16:4 And he appointed some of the Lĕwites to serve before the ark of יהוה, to bring to remembrance, and to thank, and to praise יהוה Elohim of Yisra’ĕl:
1Ch 16:5 Asaph the chief, and his second Zeḵaryah, Yeʽi’ĕl, and Shemiramoth, and Yeḥi’ĕl, and Mattithyah, and Eliyaḇ, and Benayahu, and Oḇĕḏ-Eḏom, and Yeʽi’ĕl, with harps and lyres, but Asaph was sounding with cymbals;
1Ch 16:7 And on that day Dawiḏ first gave thanks to יהוה by the hand of Asaph and his brothers:
Moreover it says in 1 Chr 6:39 'BarakYahu', son of Shima so let's quickly look at the lineage:
1Ch 6:39 And his brother Asaph, who stood at his right hand, was Asaph son of Bereḵyahu, son of Shimʽa,
1Ch 6:40 son of Miḵa’ĕl, son of Baʽasĕyah, son of Malkiyah,
1Ch 6:41 son of Ethni, son of Zeraḥ, son of Aḏayah,
1Ch 6:42 son of Ěythan, son of Zimmah, son of Shimʽi,
1Ch 6:43 son of Yaḥath, son of Gĕreshom, son of Lĕwi.
So we see Asaph the son of BarakYah/BarakYahu is from the tribe of Levi. BarakYah stood as a gatekeeper of the ark of the Covenant while his son Asaph stood as a recorder of the Pslams.
Exo 6:16 These are the names of the sons of Lĕwi according to their generations: Gĕrshom, and Qehath, and Merari. And the years of the life of Lĕwi were one hundred and thirty-seven.
17 The sons of Gĕrshom: Liḇni and Shimʽi according to their clans.
We see Asaph son of BarakYah's linegae from the eldest son of Levi named Gershon/m.
Sons of Asaph: 1Ch 25:1 And Dawiḏ and the commanders of the army separated for the service some of the sons of Asaph, and of Hĕman, and of Yeḏuthun, who should prophesy with lyres, with harps, and with cymbals. And the number of the workmen according to their service was:
1Ch 25:2 Of the sons of Asaph: Zakkur, and Yosĕph, and Nethanyah, and Ashar’ĕlah, the sons of Asaph at the hands of Asaph, WHO PROPHESIED at the hands of the sovereign.
So it's evident that these men stood as seers in the court of the king and they were Levites, either chief priests or seers.
2Ch 29:30 And Sovereign Ḥizqiyahu and the rulers ordered the Lĕwites to sing praise to יהוה with the words of Dawiḏ and of Asaph the seer. And they sang praises with gladness, and they bowed their heads and worshipped.
While the genealogy of Yahuyada high priest is not mentioned in scripture, how else could he be a high priest if not from the tribe of Levi? Hence if Yahusha said ZackarYah son of Barakyah in Matthew 23:35 it doesn't mean ZacharYah was the immediate son of BarakYah but a descendant of BarakYah. He is being shown as the son of BarakYah because of the high office. We saw BarakYah was the gatekeeper of the ark of the Covenant and Asaph was the recorder (of Psalms) and seer of king Daud.
The minor prophet ZackarYah lived at the time of Yahudah's captivity during the reign of Dareyawesh king of Persia, and if he identifies himself as the son of BarakYah, the son of Iddo the prophet then he is identifying himself with his immediate fathers (which we will see later). He definitely didn't live when Iddo the prophet lived during Rehoboam's time.
Zec 1:1 In the eighth month of the second year of Dareyawesh, the word of יהוה came to Zeḵaryah son of Bereḵyah, son of Iddo the prophet, saying,
Twice Yoah is mentioned as the son of Asaph the recorder but he was not the immediate son but a descendant and stood in the court of Hezekiah/Hisqiyahu tying his lineage to Asaph the son of BarakYah.
2Ki 18:17 And the sovereign of Ashshur sent the Tartan, and the Raḇsaris, and the Raḇshaqĕh from Laḵish, with a great army against Yerushalayim, to Sovereign Ḥizqiyahu. And they went up and came to Yerushalayim. And when they had come up, they came and stood by the channel of the upper pool, which was on the highway to the Launderer’s Field.
2Ki 18:18 And they called to the sovereign. And Elyaqim son of Ḥilqiyahu, who was over the household, and Sheḇnah the scribe, and Yo’aḥ son of Asaph, the recorder, came out to them.
2Ki 18:37 And Elyaqim son of Ḥilqiyah, who was over the household, and Sheḇnah the scribe, and Yo’aḥ son of Asaph, the recorder, came to Ḥizqiyahu with their garments torn, and they reported to him the words of the Raḇshaqĕh.
While Asaph as a seer stood in the court of king Daud, Yoah stood as a seer in the court of Hizqiyahu/Hezekiah. Hezekiah was a descendant of Daud.
The kings of Yahudah from Daud:
1) Daud- ----Asaph son of BarakYah
2) Solomon
3) Rehaboam---Iddo the prophet (the man of Aluahym in 1 Kings 13)
4) Abiyah
5) Asa
6) Yehoshapat
7) Yehoram
8) Ahazyah
9) Yoash ------Yahuyada the high priest, his son ZacharYah who was killed in the courtyard (2 Chr chapters 22-24).
10) Amazyah
11) Uzziyah
12) Yotham
13) Ahaz
14) Hezekiah---- Yoah (who is said to be son of Asaph the recorder 2 Kings 18:18, 37) and the son of Zimmah (2 Chr 29:12)****check below for the note on 2 Chri 29:12*****
15) Manasseh
16) Amon
17) Yosiah
18) Yehoahaz
19) Yehoiakim
20) Zedekyah ---Zackaryah the minor prophet who lived in the days of the kings of Persia, after the reign of king of Babylon. Zedekyah was the last king of Yahudah whose eyes king of Babylon put out.
*****2Ch 29:12 And the Lĕwites rose up: Maḥath son of Amasai and Yo’ĕl son of Azaryahu, of the sons of the Qehathites; and of the sons of Merari, Qish son of Aḇdi and Azaryahu son of Yehallel’ĕl; and of the Gĕreshonites, Yo’aḥ son of Zimmah and Ěḏen son of Yo’aḥ;
1Ch 6:20 Of Gĕreshom were Liḇni his son, Yaḥath his son, Zimmah his son,
1Ch 6:21 Yo’aḥ his son, Iddo his son, Zeraḥ his son, Ye’atherai his son.
The Gershomite lineage:
1Ch 6:39 And his brother Asaph, who stood at his right hand, was Asaph son of Bereḵyahu, son of Shimʽa,
1Ch 6:40 son of Miḵa’ĕl, son of Baʽasĕyah, son of Malkiyah,
1Ch 6:41 son of Ethni, son of Zeraḥ, son of Aḏayah,
1Ch 6:42 son of Ěythan, son of Zimmah, son of Shimʽi,
1Ch 6:43 son of Yaḥath, son of Gĕreshom, son of Lĕwi.
If you notice in 2 Chr 29:12 Yoah is mentioned as the son of Zimmah who was not his immediate father and this we see from the verse itself .....and of the Gĕreshonites, Yo’aḥ son of Zimmah which shows that Yoah was tied up to Zimmah from the Gershomite lineage recorded in 1 Chr 6:39-43 and to Asaph in 2King 18:18, 37. The eldest son of Levi was Gershom/n.
Also 1 Chr 6:21 lists Yoah's supposedly sons name as Iddo whereas in 2 Chr 29:12 his sons name is listed as Eden/Adan. The perspective needs to be changed and has to be understood as 'son of Gershom' in 1 Chr 6:20-21 whereas in 2 Chr 29:12 Eden/Adan was Yoah's actual son because of the way its written is in a specific way, 'Yo’aḥ son of Zimmah and Ěḏen son of Yo’aḥ' which means Yoah was a descendant of Zimmah and Eden was the immediate son of Yoah.
So if 1 Chr 6:21 was Iddo the prophet then he was the son of Gershom which fits in perfectly but not the son of Yoah
Some say Iddo and Eden are the same as their names are spelled in the same way in the first two letters
Iddo name is spelled in three variants: H5714 עִדִּיא עִדּוֹא עִדּוֹ
Whereas Eden is spelled as (as garden of Eden): H5731 עֵדֶן
But we saw Yahuah in his dabar is very specific in letting us know in 2 Chr 29:12 ' and of the Gershonites Yoah son of Zimmah where Zimmah was not the direct father of Yoah but is mentioned as one of the sons of Gershom in 1 Chr 6:39-43 genealogy. The verse of 2 Chr 29:12 then says Eden son of Yoah and there was no Yoah in the direct sons of Gershom.
Below is a chart which is helpful to understand the lineage: Since our study is based on identifying Barakyah please look to the lineage below Gershon on the left:
Similarly ZacharYah in Zech 1:1,7 identified to the lineage of Iddo the prophet doesn't mean he is the son of Iddo the seer during Reheboam's time. There was a priest Iddo in Ezra & Nehemiah's time
Ezr 5:1 Then the prophets, Ḥaggai the prophet and Zeḵaryah son of Iddo, prophesied to the Yehuḏim who were in Yehuḏah and Yerushalayim, in the Name of the Elah of Yisra’ĕl upon them
Ezr 6:14 And the elders of the Yehuḏim were building, and they were blessed through the prophesying of Ḥaggai the prophet and Zeḵaryah son of Iddo. And they built and finished it, according to the decree of the Elah of Yisra’ĕl, and according to the decree of Koresh, and Dareyawesh, and Artaḥshashta sovereign of Persia.
There were priests who came up with Zerubbabel to build the house of Yahuah and Iddo was one among them
Neh 12:1 And these were the priests and the Lĕwites who came up with Zerubbaḇel son of She’alti’ĕl, and Yĕshua: Serayah, Yirmeyah, Ezra,
Neh 12:2 Amaryah, Malluḵ, Ḥattush,
Neh 12:3 Sheḵanyah, Reḥum, Merĕmoth,
Neh 12:4 Iddo, Ginnethoi, Aḇiyah,
And this Iddo's son was ZackarYah
Neh 12:12 And in the days of Yoyaqim, the priests, the heads of the fathers’ were: of Serayah, Merayah; of Yirmeyah, Ḥananyah;
Neh 12:13 of Ezra, Meshullam; of Amaryah, Yehoḥanan;
Neh 12:14 of Meliḵu, Yonathan; of Sheḇanyah, Yosĕph;
Neh 12:15 of Ḥarim, Aḏna; of Merayoth, Ḥelqai;
Neh 12:16 of Iddo, Zeḵaryah; of Ginnethon, Meshullam;
Neh 12:17 of Aḇiyah, Ziḵri, son of Minyamin; of Moʽaḏyah, Piltai;
Neh 12:18 of Bilgah, Shammua; of Shemayah, Yehonathan;
Though there is no mention of Barakyah as the immediate father of ZackarYah as he introduces himself as 'Zeḵaryah son of Bereḵyah, son of Iddo the prophet' in Zech 1:1, it cannot be ruled out that there was one and it's simply not mentioned because only the heads were mentioned in the priests as we see it consistently in the OT. So instead of Barakyah they may have listed Iddo the priest who was the grandfather of ZackarYah the minor prophet.
As far as the ZacharYah who was killed was the son of Yehoyada/Yahuyada the high priest in the temple and Yahusha was referring to him by not his immediate father but his great grandfather BarakYah who was the father of Asaph and a gatekeeper of the ark of the Covenant. Yahusha probably used his name to show that ZackarYah son of Yahuyada the high priest was killed within the inner court. Moreover Yahudi history states that ZacharYah son of Yahuyada the high priest was killed on the Day of Atonement in the temple and I don't know how far this is true.
The man of Aluahym in 1 Kings 13 who was met by a lion and was killed was Iddo the seer who prophesied about Yeroboams altar. While his name is not mentioned in 1 Kings 13 we see in 2 Chr 9:29 that it was he who prophesied concerning Yaroboam son of Nebat. His prophecy was so precise he even told that king YoshiYahu was the one who would burn men's bones on Yeroboams altar and defile it.
1 Kings 13:1 And see, a man of Elohim went from Yehuḏah to Bĕyth Ěl by the word of יהוה, while Yaroḇʽam was standing by the slaughter-place to burn incense.
2 And he cried out against the slaughter-place by the word of יהוה, and said, “O slaughter-place, slaughter-place! Thus said יהוה, ‘See, a son is to be born to the house of Dawiḏ, Yoshiyahu is his name. And on you he shall slaughter the priests of the high places who burn incense on you, and men’s bones be burned on you.’ ”
3 And he gave a sign the same day, saying, “This is the sign which יהוה has spoken: See, the slaughter-place is split apart, and the ashes on it is poured out.”
4 And it came to be when Sovereign Yaroḇʽam heard the saying of the man of Elohim, who cried out against the slaughter-place in Bĕyth Ěl, that he stretched out his hand from the slaughter-place, saying, “Seize him!” Then his hand, which he stretched out toward him, dried up, so that he was unable to bring it back to him.
5 And the slaughter-place was split apart, and the ashes poured out from the slaughter-place, according to the sign which the man of Elohim had given by the word of יהוה.
6 And the sovereign answered and said to the man of Elohim, “Please appease the face of יהוה your Elohim, and pray for me, that my hand might be restored to me.” And the man of Elohim appeased the face of יהוה, and the sovereign’s hand was restored to him, and became as it was before.
Now in the times of the rule of YoshiYahu what he prophesied came true
2 Kings 23:16 Then Yoshiyahu turned, and saw the burial-sites that were there on the mountain. And he sent and took the bones out of the burial-sites and burned them on the slaughter-place, and defiled it according to the word of יהוה which the man of Elohim proclaimed, who proclaimed these words.
17 And he said, “What tombstone is this that I see?” And the men of the city said to him, “It is the burial-site of the man of Elohim who came from Yehuḏah and proclaimed these matters which you have done against the slaughter-place of Bĕyth Ěl.”
18 And he said, “Let him alone, let no one move his bones.” So they left his bones alone, with the bones of the prophet who came from Shomeron.
1 Kings 13:1 says the man of Aluahym came from Yahudah. Iddo was the seer in Yahudah in the days of Solomon and Rehoboam. Remember in the days of Rehoboam Yasharal was divided and only house of Yahudah clung to Rehoboam while the house of Yasharal clung to Yeroboam.
2 Chr 12:15 And the acts of Reḥaḇʽam, the first and the last, are they not written in the book of Shemayah the prophet, and of Iddo the seer concerning genealogies? And there was fighting between Reḥaḇʽam and Yaroḇʽam all the days.
His scroll in which he mentioned of what he prophesied against Yeroboam and all acts of Shelemoh and Rehoboam is missing as it may have been destroyed. Yahuah is in control of his dabar as everything we need to know and look at is in his dabar.
He even wrote about all acts of AbiYah son of Rehoboam
2 Chr 13:22 And the rest of the acts of Aḇiyah, and his ways, and his words are written in the commentary of the prophet Iddo.
Now lets look at how Zackaryah introduces himself
Zec 1:1 In the eighth month of the second year of Dareyawesh, the word of יהוה came to Zeḵaryah son of Bereḵyah, son of Iddo the prophet, saying,
In the woes to the Scribes and Pharisees ,Yahusha condemns them for killing the prophets and says he will send send prophets, wise men and scribes and some of them they shall kill and impale and some of them they would scourge in their assemblies and persecute them from city to city so that on them should come all the righteous blood shed on the earth from blood of the righteous Hebel to the blood of ZacharYah, son of BarakYah who was murdered between the dwelling place and the altar. Whilst we know who Hebel is we need to identify who this ZacharYah son of BarakYah is because some say he was the father of Yahuchanan the Immerser/Baptist and some say he was the minor prophet ZacharYah because he identifies himself as son of BarakYah, som of Iddo the prophet.
Mat 23:35 so that on you should come all the righteous blood shed on the earth, from the blood of righteous Heḇel to the blood of Zeḵaryah, son of Bereḵyah, whom you murdered between the Dwelling Place and the altar.
Mat 23:36 “Truly, I say to you, all this shall come upon this generation.
What is noteworthy is in the Abary Canon of the OT, Genesis is the first scroll and 2 Chronicles is the last scroll, Yahusha refers to murder of Hebel in the book of beginnings and the murder of ZacharYah in the book which ends i.e. 2 Chronicles. Many mistake the Zecharyah to be the minor prophet as he identifies himself as son of Barakyah, son of Iddo the prophet but what they fail to see is that this ZackarYah is of the Second Temple era and the ZacharYah who was murdered in the courtyard of the house of Yahuah was during the first temple era. Moreover the dispute is that the one murdered and mentioned in 2 Chronicles 24:20-22 was murdered in the courtyard of the house of Yahuah whereas Yahusha says the Zacharyah son of Barakyah was murdered between the Dwelling place and the altar where only the priests could go. So it's important to identify who this Zacharyah was.
Let's view ZackarYah the son of Yehoyada/Yahuyada the priest who was murdered in the Dwelling place
2Ch 24:17 And after the death of Yehoyaḏa the rulers of Yehuḏah came and bowed themselves to the sovereign. And the sovereign listened to them,
2Ch 24:18 and they forsook the House of יהוה Elohim of their fathers, and served the Ashĕrim and the idols. And wrath came upon Yehuḏah and Yerushalayim because of their trespass.
2Ch 24:19 And He sent prophets to them, to bring them back to יהוה. And they witnessed against them, but they did not listen.
2 Chr 24:20 Then the Spirit of Elohim came upon Zeḵaryah son of Yehoyaḏa/Yahuyada the priest, who stood above the people, and said to them, “Thus said Elohim, ‘Why are you transgressing the commands of יהוה, and do not prosper? Because you have forsaken יהוה, He has forsaken you.’ ”
21 And they conspired against him, and at the command of the sovereign they stoned him with stones in the courtyard/chatsar of the House of יהוה.
22 Thus Yo’ash the sovereign did not remember the loving-commitment which Yehoyaḏa his father had done to him, and killed his son. And as he died, he said, “יהוה does see, and repay!”
It doesn't tell us which court he was murdered in, whether the outer courtyard or the inner courtyard where the priests serve. ZacharYah was the son of Yehoyada/Yahuyada the high priest so it's obvious that he was a high priest as 2 Chronicles 24:20 says ...he stood above the people
2Ch 24:11 Now it came to pass, that at what time the chest was brought unto the king's office by the hand of the Levites, and when they saw that there was much money, the king's scribe and the high priest's officer came and emptied the chest, and took it, and carried it to his place again. Thus they did day by day, and gathered money in abundance.
2Ch 24:12 And the king and Yehoyada gave it to such as did the work of the service of the house of Yahuah, and hired masons and carpenters to repair the house of Yahuah, and also such as wrought iron and brass to mend the house of Yahuah.
Who was Yahuyada?
2Ch 22:11 But Yehoshaḇʽath, the daughter of the sovereign, took Yo’ash son of Aḥazyahu, and stole him away from among the sovereign’s sons who were slain, and put him and his nurse in a bedroom. So Yehoshaḇʽath, the daughter of Sovereign Yehoram, the wife of Yehoyaḏa the priest, because she was the sister of Aḥazyahu, hid him from Athalyahu so that she could not put him to death.
Yahuyada was the brother in law of Ahazyahu and son in law of king Yehoram as he married Yehoshabath. Ahazyahu died a year after assuming the throne, which was then usurped by his mother Athaliah, who ordered the execution of all members of the royal family. Yehoshabath and Yahuyada rescued from Athaliah's slaughter, Athaliah's one-year-old grandson, Joash. For six years, they hid the sole surviving heir to the throne within the Temple. Yahuyada was instrumental in the staging of the coup that dethroned and killed Athaliah. Under Yahuyada's guidance, Baal-worship was renounced and the altar and temple of Baal were destroyed.
Yahuyada is also noteworthy for the national covenant that he made "between him, and between all the people, and between the king, that they should be Yahuah's people" (2 Chronicles 23:16). Yahuyada lived 130 years and was buried very honorably among the kings in the city of Daud. Yahuyada's son, Zecharyah, was later martyred by King Yoash, the very king who made a covenant to be the people of Yahuah.
2Ch 23:16 Yehoyaḏa then made a covenant – between himself and the people and the sovereign – to be the people of יהוה.
2Ch 23:17 And all the people went to the house of Baʽal, and broke it down. They completely broke up its altars and images, and slew Mattan the priest of Baʽal before the altars.
2Ch 23:18 And Yehoyaḏa put the offices of the House of יהוה into the hand of the priests, the Lĕwites, whom Dawiḏ had assigned in the House of יהוה, to offer the burnt offerings of יהוה, as it is written in the Torah of Mosheh, with rejoicing and with singing, by the hands of Dawiḏ.
2Ch 23:19 And he set the gatekeepers at the gates of the House of יהוה, so that no one who was in any way unclean should enter.
2Ch 23:20 And he took the commanders of hundreds, and the nobles, and the governors of the people, and all the people of the land, and brought the sovereign down from the House of יהוה. And they went through the Upper Gate to the sovereign’s house, and set the sovereign on the throne of the reign.
Who else can put offices of the house of Yahuah into the hand of the priests but the chief/high priest?
ZackarYah was the son of Yahuyada the high priest but doesn't Yahusha say ''ZackarYah son of BarakYah''? We must see this closely with evidence from scripture as Yahusha identifies the lineage and not the immediate son of BarakYah.
Who was BarakYah/BarakYahu?
BarakYah was the gatekeeper of the ark of the Covenant and the father of Asaph the recorder
1 Chr 6:39 And his brother Asaph, who stood at his right hand, was Asaph son of Bereḵyahu, son of Shimʽa,
1Ch 15:23 and Bereḵyah and Elqanah were doorkeepers for the ark;
There is another problem, there are many by the name BarakYah/BarakYahu so it's important to identify the right BarakYah and hence we must see the headships of the sons of Levi who stood in the king's court as advisors to the kings. Let's begin with king Daud as Asaph was the son of BarakYah and Daud handed over the Psalms into the hand of Asaph whom he appointed as the recorder.
1Ch 16:4 And he appointed some of the Lĕwites to serve before the ark of יהוה, to bring to remembrance, and to thank, and to praise יהוה Elohim of Yisra’ĕl:
1Ch 16:5 Asaph the chief, and his second Zeḵaryah, Yeʽi’ĕl, and Shemiramoth, and Yeḥi’ĕl, and Mattithyah, and Eliyaḇ, and Benayahu, and Oḇĕḏ-Eḏom, and Yeʽi’ĕl, with harps and lyres, but Asaph was sounding with cymbals;
1Ch 16:7 And on that day Dawiḏ first gave thanks to יהוה by the hand of Asaph and his brothers:
Moreover it says in 1 Chr 6:39 'BarakYahu', son of Shima so let's quickly look at the lineage:
1Ch 6:39 And his brother Asaph, who stood at his right hand, was Asaph son of Bereḵyahu, son of Shimʽa,
1Ch 6:40 son of Miḵa’ĕl, son of Baʽasĕyah, son of Malkiyah,
1Ch 6:41 son of Ethni, son of Zeraḥ, son of Aḏayah,
1Ch 6:42 son of Ěythan, son of Zimmah, son of Shimʽi,
1Ch 6:43 son of Yaḥath, son of Gĕreshom, son of Lĕwi.
So we see Asaph the son of BarakYah/BarakYahu is from the tribe of Levi. BarakYah stood as a gatekeeper of the ark of the Covenant while his son Asaph stood as a recorder of the Pslams.
Exo 6:16 These are the names of the sons of Lĕwi according to their generations: Gĕrshom, and Qehath, and Merari. And the years of the life of Lĕwi were one hundred and thirty-seven.
17 The sons of Gĕrshom: Liḇni and Shimʽi according to their clans.
We see Asaph son of BarakYah's linegae from the eldest son of Levi named Gershon/m.
Sons of Asaph: 1Ch 25:1 And Dawiḏ and the commanders of the army separated for the service some of the sons of Asaph, and of Hĕman, and of Yeḏuthun, who should prophesy with lyres, with harps, and with cymbals. And the number of the workmen according to their service was:
1Ch 25:2 Of the sons of Asaph: Zakkur, and Yosĕph, and Nethanyah, and Ashar’ĕlah, the sons of Asaph at the hands of Asaph, WHO PROPHESIED at the hands of the sovereign.
So it's evident that these men stood as seers in the court of the king and they were Levites, either chief priests or seers.
2Ch 29:30 And Sovereign Ḥizqiyahu and the rulers ordered the Lĕwites to sing praise to יהוה with the words of Dawiḏ and of Asaph the seer. And they sang praises with gladness, and they bowed their heads and worshipped.
While the genealogy of Yahuyada high priest is not mentioned in scripture, how else could he be a high priest if not from the tribe of Levi? Hence if Yahusha said ZackarYah son of Barakyah in Matthew 23:35 it doesn't mean ZacharYah was the immediate son of BarakYah but a descendant of BarakYah. He is being shown as the son of BarakYah because of the high office. We saw BarakYah was the gatekeeper of the ark of the Covenant and Asaph was the recorder (of Psalms) and seer of king Daud.
The minor prophet ZackarYah lived at the time of Yahudah's captivity during the reign of Dareyawesh king of Persia, and if he identifies himself as the son of BarakYah, the son of Iddo the prophet then he is identifying himself with his immediate fathers (which we will see later). He definitely didn't live when Iddo the prophet lived during Rehoboam's time.
Zec 1:1 In the eighth month of the second year of Dareyawesh, the word of יהוה came to Zeḵaryah son of Bereḵyah, son of Iddo the prophet, saying,
Twice Yoah is mentioned as the son of Asaph the recorder but he was not the immediate son but a descendant and stood in the court of Hezekiah/Hisqiyahu tying his lineage to Asaph the son of BarakYah.
2Ki 18:17 And the sovereign of Ashshur sent the Tartan, and the Raḇsaris, and the Raḇshaqĕh from Laḵish, with a great army against Yerushalayim, to Sovereign Ḥizqiyahu. And they went up and came to Yerushalayim. And when they had come up, they came and stood by the channel of the upper pool, which was on the highway to the Launderer’s Field.
2Ki 18:18 And they called to the sovereign. And Elyaqim son of Ḥilqiyahu, who was over the household, and Sheḇnah the scribe, and Yo’aḥ son of Asaph, the recorder, came out to them.
2Ki 18:37 And Elyaqim son of Ḥilqiyah, who was over the household, and Sheḇnah the scribe, and Yo’aḥ son of Asaph, the recorder, came to Ḥizqiyahu with their garments torn, and they reported to him the words of the Raḇshaqĕh.
While Asaph as a seer stood in the court of king Daud, Yoah stood as a seer in the court of Hizqiyahu/Hezekiah. Hezekiah was a descendant of Daud.
The kings of Yahudah from Daud:
1) Daud- ----Asaph son of BarakYah
2) Solomon
3) Rehaboam---Iddo the prophet (the man of Aluahym in 1 Kings 13)
4) Abiyah
5) Asa
6) Yehoshapat
7) Yehoram
8) Ahazyah
9) Yoash ------Yahuyada the high priest, his son ZacharYah who was killed in the courtyard (2 Chr chapters 22-24).
10) Amazyah
11) Uzziyah
12) Yotham
13) Ahaz
14) Hezekiah---- Yoah (who is said to be son of Asaph the recorder 2 Kings 18:18, 37) and the son of Zimmah (2 Chr 29:12)****check below for the note on 2 Chri 29:12*****
15) Manasseh
16) Amon
17) Yosiah
18) Yehoahaz
19) Yehoiakim
20) Zedekyah ---Zackaryah the minor prophet who lived in the days of the kings of Persia, after the reign of king of Babylon. Zedekyah was the last king of Yahudah whose eyes king of Babylon put out.
*****2Ch 29:12 And the Lĕwites rose up: Maḥath son of Amasai and Yo’ĕl son of Azaryahu, of the sons of the Qehathites; and of the sons of Merari, Qish son of Aḇdi and Azaryahu son of Yehallel’ĕl; and of the Gĕreshonites, Yo’aḥ son of Zimmah and Ěḏen son of Yo’aḥ;
1Ch 6:20 Of Gĕreshom were Liḇni his son, Yaḥath his son, Zimmah his son,
1Ch 6:21 Yo’aḥ his son, Iddo his son, Zeraḥ his son, Ye’atherai his son.
The Gershomite lineage:
1Ch 6:39 And his brother Asaph, who stood at his right hand, was Asaph son of Bereḵyahu, son of Shimʽa,
1Ch 6:40 son of Miḵa’ĕl, son of Baʽasĕyah, son of Malkiyah,
1Ch 6:41 son of Ethni, son of Zeraḥ, son of Aḏayah,
1Ch 6:42 son of Ěythan, son of Zimmah, son of Shimʽi,
1Ch 6:43 son of Yaḥath, son of Gĕreshom, son of Lĕwi.
If you notice in 2 Chr 29:12 Yoah is mentioned as the son of Zimmah who was not his immediate father and this we see from the verse itself .....and of the Gĕreshonites, Yo’aḥ son of Zimmah which shows that Yoah was tied up to Zimmah from the Gershomite lineage recorded in 1 Chr 6:39-43 and to Asaph in 2King 18:18, 37. The eldest son of Levi was Gershom/n.
Also 1 Chr 6:21 lists Yoah's supposedly sons name as Iddo whereas in 2 Chr 29:12 his sons name is listed as Eden/Adan. The perspective needs to be changed and has to be understood as 'son of Gershom' in 1 Chr 6:20-21 whereas in 2 Chr 29:12 Eden/Adan was Yoah's actual son because of the way its written is in a specific way, 'Yo’aḥ son of Zimmah and Ěḏen son of Yo’aḥ' which means Yoah was a descendant of Zimmah and Eden was the immediate son of Yoah.
So if 1 Chr 6:21 was Iddo the prophet then he was the son of Gershom which fits in perfectly but not the son of Yoah
Some say Iddo and Eden are the same as their names are spelled in the same way in the first two letters
Iddo name is spelled in three variants: H5714 עִדִּיא עִדּוֹא עִדּוֹ
Whereas Eden is spelled as (as garden of Eden): H5731 עֵדֶן
But we saw Yahuah in his dabar is very specific in letting us know in 2 Chr 29:12 ' and of the Gershonites Yoah son of Zimmah where Zimmah was not the direct father of Yoah but is mentioned as one of the sons of Gershom in 1 Chr 6:39-43 genealogy. The verse of 2 Chr 29:12 then says Eden son of Yoah and there was no Yoah in the direct sons of Gershom.
Below is a chart which is helpful to understand the lineage: Since our study is based on identifying Barakyah please look to the lineage below Gershon on the left:
Similarly ZacharYah in Zech 1:1,7 identified to the lineage of Iddo the prophet doesn't mean he is the son of Iddo the seer during Reheboam's time. There was a priest Iddo in Ezra & Nehemiah's time
Ezr 5:1 Then the prophets, Ḥaggai the prophet and Zeḵaryah son of Iddo, prophesied to the Yehuḏim who were in Yehuḏah and Yerushalayim, in the Name of the Elah of Yisra’ĕl upon them
Ezr 6:14 And the elders of the Yehuḏim were building, and they were blessed through the prophesying of Ḥaggai the prophet and Zeḵaryah son of Iddo. And they built and finished it, according to the decree of the Elah of Yisra’ĕl, and according to the decree of Koresh, and Dareyawesh, and Artaḥshashta sovereign of Persia.
There were priests who came up with Zerubbabel to build the house of Yahuah and Iddo was one among them
Neh 12:1 And these were the priests and the Lĕwites who came up with Zerubbaḇel son of She’alti’ĕl, and Yĕshua: Serayah, Yirmeyah, Ezra,
Neh 12:2 Amaryah, Malluḵ, Ḥattush,
Neh 12:3 Sheḵanyah, Reḥum, Merĕmoth,
Neh 12:4 Iddo, Ginnethoi, Aḇiyah,
And this Iddo's son was ZackarYah
Neh 12:12 And in the days of Yoyaqim, the priests, the heads of the fathers’ were: of Serayah, Merayah; of Yirmeyah, Ḥananyah;
Neh 12:13 of Ezra, Meshullam; of Amaryah, Yehoḥanan;
Neh 12:14 of Meliḵu, Yonathan; of Sheḇanyah, Yosĕph;
Neh 12:15 of Ḥarim, Aḏna; of Merayoth, Ḥelqai;
Neh 12:16 of Iddo, Zeḵaryah; of Ginnethon, Meshullam;
Neh 12:17 of Aḇiyah, Ziḵri, son of Minyamin; of Moʽaḏyah, Piltai;
Neh 12:18 of Bilgah, Shammua; of Shemayah, Yehonathan;
Though there is no mention of Barakyah as the immediate father of ZackarYah as he introduces himself as 'Zeḵaryah son of Bereḵyah, son of Iddo the prophet' in Zech 1:1, it cannot be ruled out that there was one and it's simply not mentioned because only the heads were mentioned in the priests as we see it consistently in the OT. So instead of Barakyah they may have listed Iddo the priest who was the grandfather of ZackarYah the minor prophet.
As far as the ZacharYah who was killed was the son of Yehoyada/Yahuyada the high priest in the temple and Yahusha was referring to him by not his immediate father but his great grandfather BarakYah who was the father of Asaph and a gatekeeper of the ark of the Covenant. Yahusha probably used his name to show that ZackarYah son of Yahuyada the high priest was killed within the inner court. Moreover Yahudi history states that ZacharYah son of Yahuyada the high priest was killed on the Day of Atonement in the temple and I don't know how far this is true.
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