The Abary word for horn is 'qaran' H7160, H7161 & H7162 and means a horn (as projecting); by implication a flask, cornet; by resemblance an elephant’s tooth (that is, ivory), a corner (of the altar), a peak (of a mountain), a ray (of light); figuratively power: - X hill, horn.
Sin offering:Lev 4:4 And he shall bring את eth-the bullock unto the door of the Tabernacle of the assembly before YAHUAH; and shall lay את eth-his hand upon the bullock's head, and kill את eth-the bullock before YAHUAH.
Lev 4:5 And the priest that is anointed shall take of the bullock's blood, and bring it to the Tabernacle of the assembly:
Lev 4:6 And the priest shall dip את eth-his finger in the blood, and sprinkle of the blood seven times before YAHUAH, before את eth-the veil of the sanctuary.
Lev 4:7 And the priest shall put some of the blood upon the horns of the altar of sweet incense before YAHUAH, which is in the Tabernacle of the assembly; and shall pour את eth all the blood of the bullock at the bottom of the altar of the burnt offering, which is at the door of the Tabernacle of the assembly.
The 4 horns on the Brazen altar and the altar of incense:
Exo 27:1 AND you shall make את eth-an altar of shittiym wood, five cubits long, and five cubits broad; the altar shall be foursquare: and the height thereof shall be three cubits.
Exo 27:2 And you shall make the horns of it upon the four corners thereof: his horns shall be of one piece: and you shall overlay it with brass.
Exo 30:1 AND you shall make an altar to burn incense upon: of shittiym wood shall you make it.
Exo 30:2 A cubit shall be the length thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof; foursquare shall it be: and two cubits shall be the height thereof: the horns thereof shall be of the same.
Exo 30:3 And you shall overlay it with pure gold, את eth-the top thereof, and את eth-the sides thereof round about, and את eth-the horns thereof; and you shall make unto it a crown of gold round about.
Both the altars were made of shittiym wood but the altar of sacrifice was overlaid with bronze and the altar of incense was overlaid with gold and both the altars had 4 horns, one each on the 4 corners.
What is the significance of horn in scripture?
Speaking of the barakha of Yahusaph, Masha said of him that his horns are like the horns of a wild ox with which he will push the people of Yasharal together to the ends of the earth. Scripture interchangeably uses Yahusaph and Ephrayim his son who received the firstborn barakha representing Yasharal.
Deu 33:17 His glory is like the firstling of his bullock, and his horns are like the horns of wild ox: with them he shall push the people together to the ends of the earth: and they are the ten thousands of Ephrayim, and they are the thousands of Menashsheh.
Yaaqob the father of Yahusaph in his barakha mentioned that from here is the Stone of Yasharal, referring to Mashiyach.
Gen 49:22 Yahusaph is a fruitful bough, even a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall:
Gen 49:23 The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him, and hated him:
Gen 49:24 But his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made strong by the hands of the mighty ELOHIYM of Ya`aqov; (from thence is The Shepherd, The Stone of Yashar’el:)
2Sa 22:1 AND David spoke unto YAHUAH את eth-the words of this song in the day that YAHUAH had delivered him out of the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Sha’ul:
2Sa 22:2 And he said, YAHUAH is my Rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer;
2Sa 22:3 The ELOHAI of my Rock; in him will I trust: he is my shield, and the horn of my yeshu`ah (salvation), my high tower, and my refuge, my Saviour; you save me from violence.
Psa 18:1 To the chief Musician, A Mizmor of David, the servant of YAHUAH, who spoke unto YAHUAH את eth-the words of this song in the day that YAHUAH delivered him from the hand of all his enemies, and from the hand of Sha’ul: And he said, - I WILL love you, O YAHUAH, my strength.
Psa 18:2 YAHUAH is my Rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer; my EL, my strength, in whom I will trust; my buckler, and the horn of my yeshu`ah (salvation), and my high tower.
While horn depicts power/authority/reign, when it comes to Yahuah it also depicts the strength of Yahuah taken hold of in his meekness. Let me illustrate a few examples from scripture.
Gen 22:13 And Aḇraham lifted his eyes and looked and saw behind him a ram caught in a bush by its horns/qaran H7161, and Aḇraham went and took the ram and offered it up for a burnt offering instead of his son.
While Abraham was tested to offer up Yitshaq, his only son of his old age who was the promised seed, when Abraham was about to sacrifice him, the Messenger of Yahuah called out to him from the shamayim and told him that now he knows that Abraham feared Yahuah and Abraham saw a ram caught by its HORNS in the thorn bushes. He offered the ram instead of his son and named the place Yahuah Yarah which means 'On the mount Yahuah will be seen'
This was the same place called Mount Moriah on which Shelemoh built the haykal and on the east side was the Mount of Olives which also was one of the peaks of Mount Moriah where our Mashiyach was impaled on the stake.
Gen 22:1 AND it came to pass after these things, that ELOHIYM did try את eth-Avraham, and said unto him, Avraham: and he said, Behold, here I am.
Gen 22:2 And he said, Take now את eth-your son, your את eth-yachiyd את eth-Yitschaq, whom you love, and get you into the land of Moriyah; and offer him there for a burnt offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell you of.
Gen 22:14 And Avraham called the name of that place YAHUAH YIREH: as it is said to this day, In the Mount of YAHUAH shall be seen.
2Ch 3:1 And Shelomoh began to build the House of יהוה at Yerushalayim on Mount Moriyah, where He appeared to his father Dawiḏ, at the place that Dawiḏ had prepared on the threshing-floor of Ornan the Yeḇusite.
The ram caught by his horns in the thorn bushes was a representation of Yahusha ha Mashiyach who would deliver the promised seed of Abraham from the death penalty. The ram caught by its horns is significance of Abraham being able to take hold of the strength of Yahuah in His meekness. No creature in heaven or on earth can overcome Yahuah in getting hold of His strength unless He chooses to deliver Himself to be sacrificed.
Isa 27:4 “Wrath is not in Me. Who would set thornbushes and weeds against Me in battle? I would go through them, I would burn them together.
Isa 27:5 “Or let him take hold of My strength and make peace with Me. Let him make peace with Me!”
Isa 27:6 Those who come He causes to take root in Yaʽaqoḇ, Yisra’ĕl shall blossom and bud. And they shall fill the face of the world with fruit.
In YashaYahu 27 we read Yahuah saying who would set thornbushes and weeds against Him in battle? If any one does, He would go through them and would burn them together. And who could take hold of His strength and make peace with Him and yet we see in his meekness He delivered himself as the ram caught by its horns in the thorn bushes and wasn't a crown of thorns placed on his head and wasn't he whipped with the whips of thorns and we get hold of his strength in His meekness and thus He is the qaran/horn of our salvation. In verse 6 of YashaYahu 27 Yahuah says 'Those who come He causes to take root in Yaaqob'. We make peace/shalum with Him in His meekness which is actually not His weakness.
Speaking about Mashiyach, ZacharYah the father of Yahuchanan the Immerser said this about Mashiyach
Luk 1:67 And his father Zakaryahu was filled with the RUACH HA’QODESH, and prophesied, saying,
Luk 1:68 Blessed be YAHUAH ELOHIYM of Ya shar’el; for he has visited and redeemed his people,
Luk 1:69 And has raised up a horn of yeshu`ah (salvation) for us in the house of his servant David;
Luk 1:70 As he spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began:
Luk 1:71 That we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us;
Coming back to the horns of the altar:
Exo 27:2“Make a horn at each of the four corners, so that the horns and the altar are of one piece”
While Torah clearly instructs who is eligible to come close to the altar to offer sacrifices i.e. Aharon and his sons and no common man, there is a text in Torah which speaks of only when a common man of Yasharal could approach the brazen altar. Lets read Exo 21:13-14
Exo 21:13 And if a man lie not in wait, but ELOHIYM deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint you a place whither he shall flee.
Exo 21:14 But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; you shall take him from my altar, that he may die.
When a man by mistakenly murdered his neighbour the place Yahuah made for him to flee was the altar where he could run and take hold of the horns of the altar. verse 14 is clear as to what to do with him who deliberately killed his neighbour and took hold of the horns of the altar, he was to be be taken away from the altar. While the word horns is missing but we understand this from the following account.
1Ki 1:50 And Adoniyahu feared because of Shalomah, and arose, and went, and caught hold on the horns of the altar.
1Ki 1:51 And it was told Shalomah, saying, Behold, Adoniyahu fears king Shalomah: for, lo, he has caught hold on the horns of the altar, saying, Let את eth-king Shalomah swear unto me today that he will not slay את eth-his servant with the sword.
1Ki 1:52 And Shalomah said, If he will show himself a worthy man, there shall not a hair of him fall to the earth: but if wickedness shall be found in him, he shall die.
1Ki 1:53 So king Shalomah sent, and they brought him down from the altar. And he came and bowed himself to king Shalomah: and Shalomah said unto him, Go to your house.
Once David found out he proclaims Solomon as King and Adonijah was afraid that Solomon might kill him. His immediate reaction was to run the altar and grab the horns of the altar and ask for mercy. He received it that day. While Shelemoh showed him mercy and released him but because he asked for Abishag the Shunammite (David's concubine) as wife, he was put to death. On hearing this Yoab, David's commandar also went and took hold of the horns of the altar but was killed as per Torah for he had consipired against the death of 2 righteus men without David's knowledge
1Ki 2:28 And news came to Yo’aḇ, for Yo’aḇ had turned aside after Aḏoniyah, though he did not turn aside after Aḇshalom. And Yo’aḇ fled to the Tent of יהוה, and took hold of the horns of the altar.
1Ki 2:29 And the report came to Sovereign Shelomoh that Yo’aḇ had fled to the Tent of יהוה, and see, he is by the altar. Then Shelomoh sent Benayahu son of Yehoyaḏa, saying, “Go, fall on him.”
1Ki 2:30 So Benayahu came to the Tent of יהוה and said to him, “Thus said the sovereign, ‘Come out!’ ” And he said, “No, for here I die.” And Benayahu brought back word to the sovereign, saying, “Thus said Yo’aḇ, and thus he answered me.”
1Ki 2:31 And the sovereign said to him, “Do as he has said, and fall upon him. And you shall bury him, so that you take away from me and from the house of my father the blood which Yo’aḇ shed without cause.
1Ki 2:32 “Thus יהוה shall return his blood on his head, because he had fallen on two men more righteous and better than he, and slew them with the sword, while my father Dawiḏ did not know it: Aḇnĕr son of Nĕr, commander of the army of Yisra’ĕl, and Amasa son of Yether, commander of the army of Yehuḏah.
So taking hold of the horns of the altar was indeed a place of refuge for the innocent.
The horns on the altar where the blood of the sacrifice was applied while the lamb lay slain in the grill of the brazen altar as a burnt offering was a shadow of Mashiyach who was impaled by his hands and his feet on the stake, enduring the wrath of Yahuah as the fire of the sacrifice for us. His strength was subjected by Himself in His meekness to make Shalum through the blood of His stake with us.
Torah says the altar was most set-apart and there was a seven days atonement made for the altar which is a picture of the 7 days of creation where each day is as thousand years and thousand years as one day.
Exo 29:37 “For seven days you shall make atonement for the altar, and set it apart. And the altar shall be most set-apart – whatever touches the altar is to be set-apart.
We saw the horns of Yahusaph would push his seed Ephrayim and Menasheh to the ends of the world. Hence, the 4 horns on the 4 sides of the altar where the altar itself was a four square is a picture of the seed of Yahusaph i.e. the lost sheep of the house of Yasharal come back to the place of worship at the foot of the stake realizing Mashiyach is their horn of their salvation. Number 4 depicts the scattered seed of Yasharal to the four corners of the earth whom Yahuah says He would gather them back unto Himself.
Psa 118:26 Blessed is He who is coming in the Name of Yahuah. We shall bless you from the House of יהוה.
Psa 118:27 יהוה is Ěl, and He gave us light; Bind the festival/chag H2282 with wreathen/intertwined work/abatah H5688 to the horns/qaran H7161 of the altar/mazbach H4196.
Mat 23:37 “Yerushalayim, Yerushalayim, killing the prophets and stoning those who are sent to her! How often I wished to gather your children together, the way a hen gathers her chickens under her wings, but you would not!
Mat 23:38 “See! Your house is left to you laid waste,
Mat 23:39 for I say to you, from now on you shall by no means see Me, until you say, ‘Blessed is He who is coming in the Name of יהוה!
Abath ( עֲבֹת) H5688 means The same as H5687; something intwined, that is, a string, wreath or foliage: - band, cord, rope, thick bough (branch), wreathen (chain).
The intertwined or wreathen/chain work was in ephod of Aharon in his breast plate in which were the Urim and the Thummim where each onynx stone bore 6 tribe names on them. Urim means lights and Thummim means 'perfection'
Exo 28:2 And you shall make holy garments for Aharon your brother for glory and for beauty.
Exo 28:10 Six of their names on one stone, and את eth-the other six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth.
Exo 28:11 With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shall you את eth-engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Yashar’el: you shall make them to be set in ouches of gold.
Exo 28:12 And you shall put את eth-the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Yashar’el: and Aharon shall bear את eth-their names before YAHUAH upon his two shoulders for a memorial.
Exo 28:13 And you shall make ouches of gold;
Exo 28:14 And two chains of pure gold at the ends; of wreathen work shall you make them, and fasten את eth-the wreathen/abath H5688 chains to the ouches.
Exo 28:30 And you shall put in the breastplate of judgment את eth-the Uriym and את eth-the Tummiym; and they shall be upon Aharon's heart, when he goes in before YAHUAH: and Aharon shall bear את eth-the judgment of the children of Yashar’el upon his heart before YAHUAH continually.
The chag/festival offerings of Yahuah were bound intertwined to the horns of the altar and the fire of the altar would cause the horns of the altar to radiate the light of the sacifice, just as the Urim and the Thummim would radiate the light of the judgment taken by Yahusha ha Mashiyach our kahan ha gadul/high priest who bore the judgment before Yahuah
qaran H7161 also means 'a ray of light'. This so perfectly fits together and intertwined in Torah with a twisted cord which only those taking hold of the horns of the altar would see and understand.
The incense altar was atoned once a year on Yom Kippur by the high priest. He would bring the blood of the red heifer/adam parah and apply it on the horns of the altar and with much incense he would come in so that there would be a lot of smoke and so that he doesn't look upon the esteem of Yahuah behind the veil when he does the atonement for Yasharal and doesnt get killed.
Exo 30:10 And Aharon shall make an atonement upon the horns of it once in a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonements: once in the year shall he make atonement upon it throughout your generations: it is most holy unto YAHUAH.
This sacrifice of the Red Heifer is also likened to the sacrifice of Mashiyach as he suffered without the gate, at the same place where the mikphad altar was where this Red heifer was sacrificed.
Heb 13:10 We have an altar, whereof they have no right to eat which serve the Tabernacle.
Heb 13:11 For the bodies of those beasts, whose blood is brought into the sanctuary by the high priest for sin, are burned without the camp.
Heb 13:12 Wherefore YAHUSHA also, that he might sanctify the people with his own blood, suffered without the gate.
Heb 13:13 Let us go forth therefore unto him without the camp, bearing his reproach.
The ashes of the red heifer were placed outside the haykal for the outcasts of Yasharal to cleanse themselves while they enter into worshiping Yahuah in the haykal.
The vision of the four horns:
Zec 1:18 Then lifted I up את eth-my eyes, and saw, and behold four horns.
Zec 1:19 And I said unto the angel that talked with me, What be these? And he answered me, These are the horns which have scattered את eth-Yahudah, את eth-Yashar’el, and Yeru shalayim.
Zec 1:20 And YAHUAH showed me four craftsmen.
Zec 1:21 Then said I, What come these to do? And he spoke, saying, These are the horns which have scattered את eth-Yahudah, so that no man did lift up his head: but these are come to fray them, to cast out את eth-the horns of the Gentiles, which lifted up their horn over the land of Yahudah to scatter it.
The four horns scattered Yahudah and Yasharal so that no man would lift up his head, the 4 horns are likened to 4 craftsmen who would fray them to cast out the horns of the Gentiles.
This can be seen in the blowing of the trumpet of the sixth messenger where a voice came forth from the four horns of the golden altar. This golden altar was the altar of incense. Remember, we read the Torah portion where the altar with its four horns, where the animal sacrifices were offered was made of brass of one piece and the incense altar with its horns was made of pure gold of one piece.
Rev 9:13 And the sixth messenger sounded, and I heard a voice from the four horns of the golden altar which is before Elohim,
Rev 9:14 saying to the sixth messenger who had the trumpet, “Release the four messengers, those having been bound at the great river Euphrates.”
The voice commanded the sixth messenger to release the 4 messengers bound at the great river Euphrates to plague the nations. There were 4 river headss that flowed from Eden and Euphrates was the FOURTH.
Gen 2:14 And the name of the third river is Ḥiddeqel, it is the one which goes toward the east of Ashshur. And the fourth river is the Euphrates.
Rev 9:15 And the four messengers, those having been prepared for the hour and day and month and year, were released to kill a third of mankind.
Qaran/horns has the root words 'qar', a root word in qara which means 'call', 'ran' which is root word in ranan which 'shout' and 'qan' a root word in 'qanan' which means 'nest' where The pictograph 'quph' is a picture of the sun at the horizon and the gathering of the light, the 'nun' is a picture of a seed. Combined these mean "gathering for the seeds". The parent birds go about gathering materials to build a nest where they will raise their seeds (eggs).
While Yahuah sends out His judgments to the four ends of the earth, His purpose is to call and shout to His promised seed to gather them into His nest while He will destroy the horns of the altar of Beyth El where the golden calf was worshiped because of which he scattered Yasharal to the ends of the earth .
Amo 3:13 “Hear and witness against the house of Yaʽaqoḇ,” declares the Master יהוה, the Elohim of hosts.
Amo 3:14 “For in the day I visit Yisra’ĕl for their transgressions, I shall also punish concerning the altars of Bĕyth Ěl. And the horns of the altar shall be broken, and they shall fall to the ground.
Hab 3:3 Eloah comes from Tĕman, And the Set-apart One from Mount Paran. Selah. His splendour shall cover the heavens, And His praise shall fill the earth.
Hab 3:4 And the brightness is as the light, He has rays/horns (qaran) from His hand, And there His power is hidden.
The horns/rays from Yahusha's hands where His power is hidden is the nail prints, the strength of Yahuah in His meekness.
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